Brain Health, Cognition, and Audition-Brain Health, Cognition, and Audition Handout 9

Brain Health, Cognition, and Audition Handout 9

Pdf Summary

The relationship between hearing and cognition is increasingly being explored in research. The terms used to describe cognitive impairment and dementia have been updated in the most recent Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Mild cognitive impairment is now referred to as mild neurocognitive disorder (MiNCD), and dementia is referred to as major neurocognitive disorder (MaNCD). MiNCD is seen as an intermediate step between normal cognitive aging and dementia.<br /><br />Biomarkers, which are indicators of what is happening within the body, are playing a significant role in understanding cognitive decline. PET scans can measure the level of certain proteins in the brain, such as beta-amyloid and tau, which are associated with Alzheimer's disease. Blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease may soon become a reality.<br /><br />Hearing loss is associated with cognitive decline and dementia. Patients with both hearing loss and Alzheimer's disease experience more rapid cognitive decline. It is essential to diagnose and manage hearing loss early to identify reversible causes and prevent further cognitive decline. Hearing impairment is a significant modifiable risk factor for dementia, along with other factors such as obesity, physical inactivity, and low education.<br /><br />Dual sensory loss, involving both hearing and vision impairments, is prevalent among people with dementia. Managing sensory impairments can improve quality of life and prevent social isolation. Vision impairment is also associated with cognitive decline and dementia, and addressing vision problems may help slow cognitive decline.<br /><br />Speech-in-noise ability, or the ability to understand speech in noisy environments, is highly associated with incident dementia in older adults. Poor speech-in-noise ability is linked to an increased risk of developing dementia.<br /><br />Overall, early intervention and management of cognitive disorders and sensory impairments can play a crucial role in preventing dementia and improving the quality of life for individuals with cognitive decline. Biomarkers and improved diagnostic tools offer promising opportunities for early detection and personalized treatment.

Keywords

hearing

cognition

cognitive impairment

dementia

biomarkers

Alzheimer's disease

hearing loss

rapid cognitive decline

vision impairments

speech-in-noise ability